ITI – Mechanical & Automobile Mock Test – Free Online Practice

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Practice Questions (30 of 280)

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  1. What is the SI unit of Luminous Intensity? / ज्योति तीव्रता (Luminous Intensity) की SI इकाई क्या है?
    (A) Candela | कैंडेला
    (B) Kelvin
    (C) Ampere
    (D) Mole
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: A) Candela | कैंडेला
    Explanation: Candela is one of the seven fundamental SI units used to measure light intensity. [cite: 33]
  2. Which of the following is a 'Scalar' quantity? / निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी एक 'अदिश' (Scalar) राशि है?
    (A) Acceleration
    (B) Velocity
    (C) Force
    (D) Work | कार्य
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: D) Work | कार्य
    Explanation: Work has only magnitude and no direction, making it a scalar quantity. [cite: 37, 43]
  3. According to Hooke's Law, stress is directly proportional to: / हुक के नियम के अनुसार, प्रतिबल (Stress) किसके सीधे आनुपातिक होता है?
    (A) Area
    (B) Force
    (C) Pressure
    (D) Strain | विकृति
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: D) Strain | विकृति
    Explanation: Hooke's Law states that within the elastic limit, stress is proportional to strain. [cite: 51, 197]
  4. A 'Nozzle' is a device which: / 'नोजल' (Nozzle) एक ऐसा उपकरण है जो:
    (A) None
    (B) Keeps energy constant
    (C) Increases pressure and decreases velocity
    (D) Decreases pressure and increases velocity | दबाव घटाता है और वेग बढ़ाता है
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: D) Decreases pressure and increases velocity | दबाव घटाता है और वेग बढ़ाता है
    Explanation: Nozzles convert the enthalpy (pressure energy) of a fluid into kinetic energy (velocity).
  5. When the exit pressure of a nozzle is less than the critical pressure, it is called: / जब नोजल का निकास दबाव क्रिटिकल प्रेशर से कम होता है, तो इसे कहा जाता है:
    (A) Under-expansion
    (B) None
    (C) Over-expansion | ओवर-एक्सपेंशन (Over-expansion)
    (D) Choked flow
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: C) Over-expansion | ओवर-एक्सपेंशन (Over-expansion)
    Explanation: Over-expansion occurs when the nozzle is designed for a pressure higher than the actual back pressure.
  6. The condition of 'Choked Flow' in a nozzle occurs when the velocity at the throat reaches: / नोजल में 'चोकड फ्लो' (Choked Flow) तब होता है जब थ्रोट पर वेग पहुँच जाता है:
    (A) Sonic velocity (Mach 1) | ध्वनि का वेग (माक 1)
    (B) Zero
    (C) None
    (D) Supersonic velocity
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: A) Sonic velocity (Mach 1) | ध्वनि का वेग (माक 1)
    Explanation: At choked conditions, the mass flow rate reaches its maximum and cannot be increased by lowering back pressure.
  7. Which nozzle type is used to achieve 'Supersonic' velocities? / 'सुपरसोनिक' वेग प्राप्त करने के लिए किस प्रकार के नोजल का उपयोग किया जाता है?
    (A) Convergent nozzle
    (B) Convergent-Divergent (C-D) nozzle | कन्वर्जेंट-डाइवर्जेंट नोजल
    (C) Parallel nozzle
    (D) Divergent nozzle
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: B) Convergent-Divergent (C-D) nozzle | कन्वर्जेंट-डाइवर्जेंट नोजल
    Explanation: A C-D nozzle allows the fluid to expand further after the throat, accelerating it beyond sonic speed.
  8. A 'Combined Cycle' power plant usually consists of: / एक 'कम्बाइंड साइकिल' पावर प्लांट में आमतौर पर शामिल होते हैं:
    (A) Diesel engine and Solar
    (B) Two gas turbines
    (C) None
    (D) Gas turbine and Steam turbine | गैस टर्बाइन और स्टीम टर्बाइन
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: D) Gas turbine and Steam turbine | गैस टर्बाइन और स्टीम टर्बाइन
    Explanation: The exhaust of the gas turbine is used to generate steam for a steam turbine, significantly increasing overall efficiency.
  9. What is 'Critical Pressure Ratio' for a steam nozzle? / स्टीम नोजल के लिए 'क्रिटिकल प्रेशर रेशियो' क्या है?
    (A) Maximum pressure allowed
    (B) None
    (C) Ratio of inlet to exit pressure
    (D) Pressure at throat to inlet pressure | थ्रोट प्रेशर और इनलेट प्रेशर का अनुपात
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: D) Pressure at throat to inlet pressure | थ्रोट प्रेशर और इनलेट प्रेशर का अनुपात
    Explanation: It is the specific pressure ratio at which the discharge through the nozzle becomes maximum.
  10. The 'Friction' in a nozzle results in: / नोजल में 'घर्षण' (Friction) का परिणाम होता है:
    (A) No change
    (B) Decreased exit velocity and increased dryness fraction | वेग में कमी और ड्राईनेस फ्रैक्शन में वृद्धि
    (C) None
    (D) Increased exit velocity
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: B) Decreased exit velocity and increased dryness fraction | वेग में कमी और ड्राईनेस फ्रैक्शन में वृद्धि
    Explanation: Friction converts some kinetic energy back into heat, which re-heats the steam.
  11. What is the function of a 'Steam Jet Air Ejector'? / 'स्टीम जेट एयर इजेक्टर' का कार्य क्या है?
    (A) To heat the steam
    (B) To pump water
    (C) None
    (D) To remove non-condensable gases from the condenser | कंडेनसर से गैसों को निकालना
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: D) To remove non-condensable gases from the condenser | कंडेनसर से गैसों को निकालना
    Explanation: It uses high-velocity steam to suck out air that leaks into the vacuum of the condenser.
  12. In a Gas Turbine cycle, 'Reheating' is used to: / गैस टर्बाइन चक्र में, 'रीहीटिंग' का उपयोग क्यों किया जाता है?
    (A) None
    (B) Increase turbine work output | टर्बाइन वर्क आउटपुट बढ़ाना
    (C) Increase compressor work
    (D) Decrease efficiency
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: B) Increase turbine work output | टर्बाइन वर्क आउटपुट बढ़ाना
    Explanation: Reheating expands the gas in two stages with intermediate heating, increasing the total work produced.
  13. Which part of the nozzle has the minimum cross-sectional area? / नोजल के किस भाग का क्रॉस-सेक्शनल एरिया न्यूनतम होता है?
    (A) None
    (B) Throat | थ्रोट (Throat)
    (C) Inlet
    (D) Exit
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: B) Throat | थ्रोट (Throat)
    Explanation: The throat is the narrowest point of a Convergent-Divergent nozzle where sonic velocity is achieved.
  14. What is the purpose of 'Intercooling' in multi-stage air compressors? / मल्टी-स्टेज एयर कंप्रेशर्स में 'इंटरकूलिंग' का उद्देश्य क्या है?
    (A) None
    (B) To decrease the pressure
    (C) To reduce the work required for compression | संपीड़न के लिए आवश्यक कार्य कम करना
    (D) To increase the delivery temperature
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: C) To reduce the work required for compression | संपीड़न के लिए आवश्यक कार्य कम करना
    Explanation: Intercooling cools the air between stages, bringing it closer to isothermal compression which requires minimum work.
  15. Which type of condenser uses a 'Cooling Tower' to cool the circulating water? / किस प्रकार का कंडेनसर सर्कुलेटिंग पानी को ठंडा करने के लिए 'कूलिंग टॉवर' का उपयोग करता है?
    (A) Jet condenser
    (B) Evaporative condenser
    (C) Surface condenser | सरफेस कंडेनसर
    (D) None
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: C) Surface condenser | सरफेस कंडेनसर
    Explanation: In surface condensers, cooling water flows through tubes and steam is condensed on the outer surface without mixing.
  16. The function of a 'Steam Trap' is to: / 'स्टीम ट्रैप' (Steam Trap) का कार्य क्या है?
    (A) Drain condensate without letting steam escape | भाप को रोके बिना कंडेनसेट निकालना
    (B) Release steam into atmosphere
    (C) None
    (D) Increase steam pressure
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: A) Drain condensate without letting steam escape | भाप को रोके बिना कंडेनसेट निकालना
    Explanation: Steam traps are automatic valves that release condensed water from steam pipes while retaining the steam.
  17. Volumetric efficiency of an air compressor ________ with an increase in clearance volume. / क्लीयरेंस वॉल्यूम बढ़ने के साथ एयर कंप्रेसर की वॉल्यूमेट्रिक दक्षता ________ है।
    (A) Increases
    (B) Remains constant
    (C) Decreases | घटती है
    (D) None
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: C) Decreases | घटती है
    Explanation: Larger clearance volume means more high-pressure air remains in the cylinder, reducing the amount of fresh air that can be drawn in.
  18. Which compressor is classified as a 'Rotary' compressor? / किस कंप्रेसर को 'रोटरी' कंप्रेसर के रूप में वर्गीकृत किया गया है?
    (A) Reciprocating compressor
    (B) Piston compressor
    (C) None
    (D) Centrifugal compressor | सेंट्रीफ्यूगल कंप्रेसर
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: D) Centrifugal compressor | सेंट्रीफ्यूगल कंप्रेसर
    Explanation: Centrifugal and axial flow compressors use rotating impellers or blades to compress air.
  19. In a steam power plant, the 'Condenser' creates a: / स्टीम पावर प्लांट में, 'कंडेनसर' क्या बनाता है?
    (A) High temperature
    (B) Partial vacuum | आंशिक निर्वात (Vacuum)
    (C) None
    (D) High pressure
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: B) Partial vacuum | आंशिक निर्वात (Vacuum)
    Explanation: The condenser maintains a pressure below atmospheric, allowing more expansion in the turbine and higher efficiency.
  20. The heat rejected in a condenser is equal to: / कंडेनसर में छोड़ी गई ऊष्मा किसके बराबर होती है?
    (A) Latent heat of steam | भाप की गुप्त ऊष्मा
    (B) None
    (C) Work done by turbine
    (D) Sensible heat only
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: A) Latent heat of steam | भाप की गुप्त ऊष्मा
    Explanation: Condensation involves the removal of latent heat at constant temperature and pressure.
  21. Isothermal compression is most efficiently achieved in a compressor by: / कंप्रेसर में आइसोथर्मल संपीड़न सबसे प्रभावी ढंग से किसके द्वारा प्राप्त किया जाता है?
    (A) None
    (B) Insulating the cylinder
    (C) High speed operation
    (D) Very slow speed and perfect cooling | बहुत धीमी गति और सही कूलिंग
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: D) Very slow speed and perfect cooling | बहुत धीमी गति और सही कूलिंग
    Explanation: Isothermal compression requires constant temperature, which is only possible if heat is removed as fast as it is generated.
  22. Air leakage in a condenser results in: / कंडेनसर में हवा के रिसाव (Air leakage) का परिणाम होता है:
    (A) Increased vacuum
    (B) None
    (C) Reduced efficiency and vacuum | दक्षता और वैक्यूम में कमी
    (D) Increased cooling rate
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: C) Reduced efficiency and vacuum | दक्षता और वैक्यूम में कमी
    Explanation: Air in the condenser increases the back pressure and acts as an insulator on the tubes, reducing heat transfer.
  23. A 'Single-stage' reciprocating compressor is generally used for: / 'सिंगल-स्टेज' रेसिप्रोकेटिंग कंप्रेसर का उपयोग आम तौर पर किसके लिए किया जाता है?
    (A) None
    (B) Very high mass flow
    (C) Low to medium pressure ratios | कम से मध्यम दबाव अनुपात
    (D) High pressure ratios
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: C) Low to medium pressure ratios | कम से मध्यम दबाव अनुपात
    Explanation: Multi-staging is required for high pressures to keep temperature and work within safe and efficient limits.
  24. Which of the following is a 'Water-tube' boiler? / निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा 'वॉटर-ट्यूब' बॉयलर है?
    (A) Lancashire boiler
    (B) Babcock and Wilcox boiler | बैबकॉक और विलकॉक्स बॉयलर
    (C) Cornish boiler
    (D) Cochran boiler
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: B) Babcock and Wilcox boiler | बैबकॉक और विलकॉक्स बॉयलर
    Explanation: In water-tube boilers, water circulates inside the tubes while hot gases pass over them, allowing higher pressures.
  25. The function of a 'Safety Valve' in a boiler is to: / बॉयलर में 'सेफ्टी वाल्व' का कार्य क्या है?
    (A) Release excess steam pressure automatically | अतिरिक्त भाप के दबाव को स्वचालित रूप से छोड़ना
    (B) Maintain water level
    (C) None
    (D) Increase steam temperature
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: A) Release excess steam pressure automatically | अतिरिक्त भाप के दबाव को स्वचालित रूप से छोड़ना
    Explanation: Safety valves prevent the boiler from exploding by releasing steam when pressure exceeds the design limit.
  26. Which boiler component is used to heat the feed water using waste heat from flue gases? / फ्लू गैसों की अपशिष्ट गर्मी का उपयोग करके फीड वॉटर को गर्म करने के लिए किस बॉयलर घटक का उपयोग किया जाता है?
    (A) Economizer | इकोनोमाइज़र (Economizer)
    (B) Superheater
    (C) Steam separator
    (D) Air preheater
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: A) Economizer | इकोनोमाइज़र (Economizer)
    Explanation: An economizer increases the efficiency of the boiler by recovering heat that would otherwise be lost through the chimney.
  27. A boiler 'Mounting' is essential for: / बॉयलर 'माउंटिंग' किसके लिए आवश्यक है?
    (A) None
    (B) Increasing efficiency
    (C) Producing superheated steam
    (D) Safe operation of the boiler | बॉयलर के सुरक्षित संचालन के लिए
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: D) Safe operation of the boiler | बॉयलर के सुरक्षित संचालन के लिए
    Explanation: Mountings (like water level indicator, safety valve) are mandatory for the safe operation of any boiler.
  28. What is the purpose of a 'Fusible Plug' in a boiler? / बॉयलर में 'फ्यूसिबल प्लग' का उद्देश्य क्या है?
    (A) To increase pressure
    (B) To clean the boiler
    (C) To protect the boiler from overheating due to low water level | कम जल स्तर के कारण ओवरहीटिंग से बचाना
    (D) None
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: C) To protect the boiler from overheating due to low water level | कम जल स्तर के कारण ओवरहीटिंग से बचाना
    Explanation: It melts when the water level drops too low, allowing steam to extinguish the fire in the furnace.
  29. Which accessory is used to increase the temperature of steam above its saturation point? / संतृप्ति बिंदु (saturation point) से ऊपर भाप का तापमान बढ़ाने के लिए किस एक्सेसरी का उपयोग किया जाता है?
    (A) Feed pump
    (B) Blow-off cock
    (C) Superheater | सुपरहीटर (Superheater)
    (D) Economizer
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: C) Superheater | सुपरहीटर (Superheater)
    Explanation: Superheated steam prevents condensation in turbines and carries more energy per unit mass.
  30. A 'Fire-tube' boiler is one in which: / 'फायर-ट्यूब' बॉयलर वह है जिसमें:
    (A) Hot gases pass through the tubes | गर्म गैसें ट्यूबों से होकर गुजरती हैं
    (B) None
    (C) Water is inside the tubes
    (D) Fire is outside the boiler shell
    ✅ Answer & Explanation
    Sahi jawab: A) Hot gases pass through the tubes | गर्म गैसें ट्यूबों से होकर गुजरती हैं
    Explanation: In fire-tube boilers, the tubes are surrounded by water while combustion gases flow inside the tubes.
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